{"id":7044,"date":"2021-05-31T10:25:47","date_gmt":"2021-05-31T07:25:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/europan.ua\/?p=7044"},"modified":"2021-09-21T17:03:57","modified_gmt":"2021-09-21T14:03:57","slug":"prokladannja-kabeliv-ta-provodiv-u-lotkah-i-korobah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/europan.ua\/en\/news\/prokladannja-kabeliv-ta-provodiv-u-lotkah-i-korobah\/","title":{"rendered":"Laying cables and wires in cable trays and ducts"},"content":{"rendered":"
The laying of cable lines in trays and ducts is one of the most commonly used methods of installing cable lines in the premises of various industrial enterprises and electrical installations.<\/p>\n
As a rule, it is carried out in an open way on walls and ceilings in dry, humid, hot and fire-hazardous rooms, as well as in rooms with chemically aggressive environments. It is mainly used in industrial buildings and structures, technical rooms, basements, warehouses, workshops, as well as in outdoor installations in the surrounding areas.<\/p>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n With the open method of cable laying, trays and ducts are used to structure cable and low-current systems, and at the same time they provide unhindered access and visual control of cable routes.<\/p>\n Cable ducts can be used for both hidden and open electrical wiring. Cable trays in residential and administrative premises are mainly used for laying the electrical network in a closed way (behind walls, suspended ceilings or raised floors). And the open method of laying the electrical network using cable trays is allowed only for industrial highways.<\/p>\n The cable tray is an open, non-combustible trough-like structure made of various materials and used for cable and wiring inside buildings and outdoor installations. The trays are mounted on supporting structures along walls and ceilings, as a result of which a kind of shelves are formed, where wires or power cables are laid in one or more layers with a given distance.<\/p>\n <\/a>Trays do not protect the laid cable from damage, but form the frame of the cable network and fix the location. And their main task is to ensure easy, safe and orderly routing of power and signal cables and wires.<\/p>\n By design, the trays can be solid, perforated, ladder type and wire.<\/p>\n <\/a>Cable ducts differ from trays in that they are closed. They are hollow sections of rectangular, triangular, square or other cross-section with a flat base with removable covers or blind, with perforated surfaces or not.<\/p>\n Ducts with removable covers are used for open electrical wiring. Blind ducts are a non-disassembled hollow structure with solid walls and without a removable cover and are used in case of hidden laying.<\/p>\n Like trays, ducts are attached to walls and ceilings and, unlike trays, they are designed to protect the cables laid in them from mechanical damage.<\/p>\n According to rules for electrical equipment installation, cable trays for laying cables in cable structures are made of metal, non-metal or composite. And cable trays for laying cables in the ground or on the surface of the soil are made of reinforced concrete. <\/a><\/p>\n Trays are made only from non-combustible materials. The most common metal cable trays are made of galvanized or stainless steel, galvanized iron or aluminum. Galvanized steel trays have the best performance and corrosion resistance. Thanks to this, they can be used for laying cables both outside and inside buildings, for laying lines in any premises and mounting on a vertical and horizontal surface.<\/p>\n <\/a>Ducts, as well as trays, are made of metal, but unlike trays, they can also be made of various plastics. Steel ducts are produced with solid or perforated walls and lids and are used in rooms and outdoor installations instead of steel pipes for lighting and power networks. An open laying of steel ducts is allowed in dry, humid, hot and fire hazardous premises, where laying in steel pipes is not required. And it is prohibited in damp, especially damp, with a chemically active environment and explosive rooms.<\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Non-metallic (plastic) products are used for laying low-voltage cables indoors, mainly in residential and office buildings. Relatively inexpensive, small in size, light enough, they are not afraid of moisture and fit well into the interior. At the same time, they are distinguished by low strength and heat resistance, short life during operation and are prone to deformation when cables are heated, therefore, they are not used for external installation.<\/p>\n Cable ducts made of PVC plastic are the most widely used in residential and office buildings.<\/p>\n <\/a>Composite trays and ducts are made of polymeric materials (synthetic polyester resins) and fiberglass by hot pressing or pultrusion. They have high mechanical strength and rigidity, increased resistance to vibration, moisture resistance and frost resistance, resistance to any corrosion, ultraviolet radiation, aggressive chemical environments and temperature extremes. They are distinguished by exceptional insulating properties, low thermal conductivity and lightness of construction, which makes them easy to transport and install. They also provide a long service life.<\/p>\n Composite products can be successfully used for organizing cable routes outside and inside premises, for above-ground and underground laying. They are recommended for the creation of cable routes in aggressive environments and the most difficult operating conditions. Available in solid and perforated, open and closed types.<\/p>\n <\/a>Reinforced concrete trays are used when laying cable routes underground or on the surface of the ground. They are able to withstand heavy loads, are durable, do not allow water to pass through, retain their integrity during temperature fluctuations and soil movement (due to which they can be used in seismically active zones and wet soils).<\/p>\n After installing the wiring or other elements inside the tray, it is closed with a lid and, in case of laying underground, the lid is covered with the soil, after which the tray provides complete safety to the structures and highways inside.<\/p>\n The use of trays simplifies and speeds up the installation process. And cables laid in reinforced concrete trays can be easily revised and repaired after opening the cover.<\/p>\n <\/a>Perforated trays and ducts are products with perforated holes in the base. This design reduces the weight of the product and facilitates the installation of cables, as it allows the tray or duct to be attached to the ceiling or wall directly through the enclosure. It provides ventilation of the cable route, preventing overheating of the cable, removes moisture, but at the same time it worse protects the line from the dust.<\/p>\n <\/a>Solid trays and ducts are closed-type non-perforated products with the solid base and surface. They are used when laying lines that require a high level of protection from the environment on the streets, in mines, public places. They protect the line from the negative external influences, dust and precipitation. At the same time, it excludes the ventilation of the cables, and, consequently, prevents their natural cooling.<\/p>\n <\/a>The ladder trays consist of stamped sidewalls, connected by jumpers at a given distance, and outwardly resemble a regular ladder. They are able to withstand heavy loads and are used for laying the most massive highways. They are used for vertical cable laying, when installing open cable routes and laying wiring inside the mine. They do not impede natural ventilation of cables and leave free access to the route.<\/p>\n